chapter 1 - artificial intelligence programmed decisions non-programmed decisions the most powerful supercomputers artificial intelligence researchers learning systems software examples of problem constraints examples of heuristics Alan Turing computers and natural language decision-making process / problem-solving process proactive/reactive approach to problem solving optimization model semantics/syntax expert systems Artificial Intelligence systems computational biology chapter 2 - software and design sound sampling binary representation / number conversion unicode Ch3 aggregation composition xml uri algorithm linking schema rdf owl unicode Ch7 end-user computing concerns computer crime hacker v. cracker worm virus trojan horse motives for illegal access backup secure transmission (protocol) intellectual property rights biometric downloaded software spyware / adware social engineering spybot authentication firewall access-control computer security computer ethics zombie phishing backup software patches plagiarism