p-95-06 Towards Goal-Driven Integration of Explanation and Action David B. Leake In Goal-Driven Learning, eds. A. Ram and D. Leake, MIT Press/Bradford Books, Cambridge, MA, 1995. In press. Explanation-based methods have been shown to play a valuable role in focusing learning. However, the value of their results depends not just on the methods themselves but on strategies for applying them. Using explanation-based methods effectively depends on developing methods for answering three fundamental questions of goal-driven learning---when to learn, what to learn, and how to focus learning effort---as they apply to explanation. This chapter discusses the questions of how a goal-driven explanation system can decide when explanations are needed, can characterize its information needs, and can use awareness of its needs to focus the search for explanations. The first part of the chapter provides an overview of the theory of focusing goal-driven explanation implemented in the story understanding program ACCEPTER. The second part takes a wider view, considering how the standard model of explanation as an isolated reasoning process can be extended into a model that integrates explanation with other types of goal-driven activity and information search. A postscript file for the full paper is available electronically. To get a copy by anonymous ftp, see ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/leake/README. on the web, open URL ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/leake/INDEX.html.